Process & Rationale

I have used Multiple Choice for Outcome 1 because though choices B, C, and D may seem to be correct they are in line with the objective.  Students are to understand why there are seasons on Earth.  In order for them to understand the concept of seasons, they should have already analyzed the the earth rotating on its axis.  I designed an essay on the same lines as the multiple choice.  The essay also allows the student to know which words should be included in the essay.  Not only will they use the words but will need to comprehend their defintions and be able to apply them in the essay.

Again, I have used Multiple Choice for Outcome 2.  Vocabulary in any subject is crucial and in this question the student must know what innovation means.  All choices are innovations but only dams have changed the environment, had an effect on energy and improved farming methods.

For Outcome 3, I have chosen Multiple Choice.  When understanding push/pull factors in Geography, students first learn what attracts settlers to any area.  The student must apply knowlege of good settlement areas and be able to distinguish why people would settle in one location in comparison to another.  Even though all answers seem reasonable, transporation routes do not attact the location of cities.  Think about the westward expansion, people traveled in wagons, by horseback or walked over rugged terrain and bad weather.  They made the transportation routes, they didn't have a nice road to travel upon, others just followed suit.